Sample Paper

Sample Paper References

You should document all of the information gathered for this paper. Here is how references should be written:

General Points with In-text References:

Write the author's last name only, with the year of publication in parentheses:
Davis (2001) suggests using the library to search for books and magazines.
For two or more authors, use their last names separated by "and""

Davis and Smith (2001) state that good research writing is key to sucess in work and university studies.
Use the "&" symbol to divide authors when using their names inside parentheses:
Some writers (Davis & Smith, 2001; Jones & Rogers, 1999) point out that good writing is key to sucess in life.
All major words and proper nouns (specific names of people, places, holidays, etc.) are capitalized and put in italics in the title of a book, magazine, and and Website when used in the main body of a paper.
The book, Writing Research Papers, suggests that you talk with friends and colleagues about your topic before you begin to write.
All major words and proper nouns (specific names of people, places, holidays, etc.) are capitalized and put in quotation marks in the title of an article.
The article, "Writing with Style," suggests that you talk with friends and colleagues about your topic before you begin to write.

Electronic Resources

Web Page:

Only the first word and proper nouns (specific names of people, places, holidays, etc.) are the only words capitalized in the title of an article.

Author/editor. (year). Title of article. Company or website name (optional). Retrieved month day, year, from the World Wide Web: http://domainname.com/path/filename.

Reference Section Example when you know the author and title of the article:

Davis, R. S. (2001). Sample paper references. Retrieved October 21, 2001, from the World Wide Web: http://www.eslnetworld.com/reference.html.

Reference Section Example do not know the author (use the Website name in place of the author):

ESLnetworld.com (2001). Sample paper references. Retrieved October 21, 2001, from the World Wide Web: http://www.eslnetworld.com/reference.html.

Next, you have to indicate which part of the online resource you used. With a traditional book, you would cite the page number, but webpages generally do not have page numbers. Instead, use the paragraph number, preceded by the paragraph symbol ¶ (create by using this code, ¶ or ¶ ) or the abbreviation for paragraph, para. Other symbols, including accents marks can be found HERE.

In Text Example:

According to Davis (2001, para. 1), searching on the Internet can be challenging if you do not know which tools to use. (paraphrase when you know the author, and using the expression according to . . .)

Jones (2000, ¶ 3), in the article, "Writing with Style," says that good writing begins with a good idea. (paraphrase)

The Website, Name of Site Here (2001, ¶ 4), states the following about good writing:

" Before you write, you need to explore many topics to give a feel for what research has already been done in that area. This will help avoid wasting time writing on a topic for weeks only to discover that someone else has written the very same thing." (block quotation)

In his article, "Baseball Mania", Suzuki (2001, para. 4) explains the importance of baseball in Japan: " . . . " (quotation)

E-mail:

Sender (sender's e-mail address). (year, month day). Subject of message. E-mail to recipient (recipient's e-mail address).

Example:

Suzuki, Keiko (keiko@hotmail.com). (2001, Nov. 2). Traditional foods during the holidays. E-mail to Tom Jones (jones@gol.com).

In Text Example:

Original Email Message: "Japan has several national sports, but for the Japanese, baseball is a time of celebration for family, friends, and students."

Suzuki (2001), a Japanese student in Tokyo, comments that baseball is popular among all age groups in Japan. (paraphrase)

Suzuki (2001), the webmaster for the site Japanese Baseball, remarks that "for the Japanese, baseball is a time of celebration for family, friends, and students." (quotation)

Discussion List Messages

Author. (year, month day). Subject of message. Subject of message. Discussion list name [Type of medium]. Available Email: Discussion list@e-mail address [Date viewed.]

fred. (2001, September 20). How to make sushi. Eating Sushji [Online]. Available Email: eatingsushi@yahoogroups.com [2001, September 30 ]

Library Resources

Books

Author/editor. (year). Title. City of publication, [state of publication]: Publishing company.

Example:

Roberts, T. (2001). How to celebrate Christmas around the world. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Roberts, T., & Smith, J. D. (2001). Christmas in Hawaii. London: McMillan.

Magazines

Author. (year, month day). Title of article. Magazine, volume number, pages numbers.

Example:

Harris, G. T. (2001, May 3). The influences of Christmas on Japanese culture.. Holidays, 4, 23-29.

Online Surveys and Polls

Author of survey. (year). Title of survey. Retrieved month day, year, from the World Wide Web: http://domainname.com/path/filename.

Davis, R. S. (2001). Partner preferences. Retrieved December 5, 2001, from the World Wide Web: http://domainname.com/path/filename.
According to a recent survey on dating and marriage, 55% of men from North American, between the ages of 20 and 45, feel that honesty was the most important trait in selecting a partner. Seventy-two percent women believe, however, that honesty is the most crucial point is choosing a spouse (Davis, 2001).

Notice that the % symbol comes before numbers, except when the number begins a sentence.